The world turned upside down! This graduate seminar focuses on the carnivalesque as an analytic concept as well as on carnival as social practice in a comparative frame. We read ethnographic and historical studies of diverse junctures where radical play comes together with social change: rituals of social inversion, revolutionary performances, millenarian social movements, charivari, drag balls. Brazil, India, Haiti, England, France, Japan; Nietzsche, Bakhtin, Emma Goldman.